Pengaruh Variasi Kecepatan Udara Dan Massa Bahan Terhadap Waktu Pengeringan Jagung Pada Alat Fluidized Bed

Indonesia is an agricultural country that has many agricultural products so that post-harvest handling is necessary so that the crop is not quickly broken when stored or distributed. One harvests in Indonesia, which require post-harvest handling such as corn. Based on SNI, the maximum moisture content of corn feed raw material has a moisture content of 14%. The water content of the corn used is 20% with a tolerance of ± 0.5%. Variations air speed used is 5 m /s, 6 m /s and 7 m /s with a variation of the mass of material that is 0.5 kg, 1 kg, and 1.5 kg. With the variation of air velocity and mass of the material showed that the higher the speed of the air, the faster drying time. In addition, the heavier material is drained, it will take longer. Variations of air velocity and mass of materials that require the fastest drying time is the air speed of 7 m /s with a mass of 0.5 kg. Variations of air velocity and mass of material that takes the longest drying air is at a speed of 5 m / s with a mass of 1.5 kg of material

Genome- wide analyses reveal population structure and identify candidate genes associated with tail fatness in local sheep from a semi- arid area

Under a climate change perspective, the genetic make-up of local livestock breeds showing adaptive traits should be explored and preserved as a priority. We used genotype data from the ovine 50 k Illumina BeadChip for assessing breed autozygosity based on runs of homozygosity (ROH) and fine-scale genetic structure and for detecting genomic regions under selection in 63 Tunis ia n sheep samples. The average genomic inbreeding coefficients based on ROH were estimated at 0.017, 0.021, and 0.024 for Barbarine (BAR, n = 26), Noire de Thibar (NDT, n = 23), and Queue fine de l'Ouest (QFO, n = 14) breeds, respectively. The genomic relationships among individuals based on identity by state (IBS) distance matrix highlighted a recent introgression of QFO into the BAR and a genetic differentiation of NDT samples, possibly explained by past introgression of Europe an gene pools. Genome-wide scan for ROH across breeds and within the BAR sample set identified an outstanding signal on chromosome 13 (46.58–49.61 Mbp). These results were confirmed using FST index, differentiating fat vs. thin-tailed individuals. Candidate genes under selection pressure (CDS2, PROKR1, and BMP2) were associated to lipid storage and probably preferentially selected in fat-tailed BAR animals. Our findings suggest paying more attention to preserve the genetic integrity and adaptive alleles of local sheep breeds

The Biodiversity of Gastropods Identified in the Mangrove Forest of Baban Village, Gapura Districts Sumenep Regency as the Resource of Learning Biology

Gastropoda merupakan hewan yang bergerak dengan menggunkan Perutnya (gaster= Perut dan podos=kaki) yang saat ini mulai terancam keberadaannya karena rusaknya ekosistem hutan mangrove karena konversi lahan, dampak ekologis yang ditimbulkan adalah mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem hutan mangrove. Masalah lain adalah kurangnya informasi tentang keanekaragaman Gastropoda khususnya di daerah terpencil, salah satu daerah terpencil yang belum diteliti adalah Desa Baban Kecamatan Gapura Kabupaten Sumenep.Penelitian ini berujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman Gastropoda hutan mangrove. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 17-24 April 2016 pada saat air surut dengan metode random sampling dengan menggunakan transek kuadrat. Data dikumpulkan dengan melakukan observasi atau pengamatan langsung terhadap populasi yang diamati.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Gastropoda yang ditemukam terdiri dari 11 jenis yaitu Nerita fulgurans, Cassidula aurisfelis, Telescopium telescopium, Cerithidea quadrata, Ceritiopsis sp, Littroraria scabra, Raphitoma purpurea, Alvania sp, Littoraria melanostoma, Terebralia sulcata, dan Littorina sp. Struktur komunitas Gastropoda berdasarkan beberapa hal: 1) indeks kepadatan tertinggi terdapat pada spesies Terebralia sulcata (2.17 individu per meter persegi) sementara indeks kepadatan terendah adalah Nerit fulgurans (0,25 individu per meter persegi); 2) indeks nilai penting tertinggi adalah spesies Terebralia sulcata (33%) dan yang terendah adalah pada spesies spesies Nerita fulgurans (0.05%); 3) indeks keragaman termasuk dalam kategori standar yaitu antara 1,84 sampai 2,16; 4) indeks nilai kemerataan menunjukkan kemerataan pada setiap stasiun, mulai 0.77 sampai 0.90; 5) indeks dominansi menunjukkan tidak adanya dominansi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai sumber belajar Biologi dalam bentuk booklet

Fungitoxicity of some fungicides against to pathogens responsible of olive trees decline in the Chebika’s area in Tunisia

The incidence of the disease seems very important on young trees and tends to bemoderate with the aging of the tree. In fact, olive trees have a shallow root system and arestill vulnerable to pathogens especially the irrigated varieties. Chemical and biological control against Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani and Verticillium dahliae have revealed that the application in vitro of Prodazim and of Methyl-thiophanatehave showed a very good efficacy up to 100%. Ridomil and Tachigaren have indicated aregular efficiency, while the two bio-fungicides Fungstop and the compost juice havedemonstrated a low efficiency. The two bio-control agents Trichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium virens have showed a relatively high effectiveness in vitro. In vivo, obtainedresults have revealed that the nature of the product, the doses applied and the condition ofthe olive trees are highly correlated factors. The treatment doesn’t appear to have apositive effect on the beginning of stage 1 and on plots presented a good structured soil.Going beyond this stage, whatever the product and the doses used, the attack isirreversible

Screening of fungi implicated in the dieback of olive trees (Olea europea) in Chebika’s area

Several surveys were conducted during spring 2008 in Chebika’s area in Tunisia. Samples were collected from infected plants showed different types of symptoms and they have been the subject of mycological analysis. The morphological identification of fungal colonies isolated from roots, crown and stems of two olive varieties Koroneiki and Chemlali Sfax, revealed the presence of a fungi complex including Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Verticillium dahliae, Cladosporium fulvum, Alternaria solani, Alternaria tenuis, Bispora punctata. and Cylindrocarpon .sp; Although,those fungi Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani and Verticillium dahliae are ubiquitous and the predominant one. Pathogenicity results revealed that the fungi isolated from olive trees exhibited typical symptoms on Koroneiki variety incontrolled conditions

{3D} Morphable Face Models -- Past, Present and Future

In this paper, we provide a detailed survey of 3D Morphable Face Models over the 20 years since they were first proposed. The challenges in building and applying these models, namely capture, modeling, image formation, and image analysis, are still active research topics, and we review the state-of-the-art in each of these areas. We also look ahead, identifying unsolved challenges, proposing directions for future research and highlighting the broad range of current and future applications

New Fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea (April 2015)

In this second Collective Article with fisheries-related data from the Mediterranean Sea we present the evaluation of bony structures in aging of Barbus tauricus, otolith dimensions-body length relationships for two species (Trachinus draco and Synchiropus phaeton), information on the growth of juvenile Thunnus thynnus and of Ruvettus pretiosus, weight-length relationships for three species (Aulopus fiamentosus, Thunnus thynnus and Tylosurus acus imperialis) and data on feeding habits and reproduction of Aulopus fiamentosus